Novel molecular markers for emerging resistance cases (target: >5)

We will investigate field populations sampled from various economically important crops that are reported by farmers and extension services to be particularly difficult to control with current chemical strategies, implying the evolution of resistance. We will prioritise cases of potent and novel resistance (i.e. chemistry that has not been previously compromised by resistance). As a consortium we are part of, or have access to, extensive monitoring networks, which will provide access to these resistant populations. The following compounds/pests will be included in the analysis: tetronic acids (keto-enols) – spirodiclofen, spiromesifen and spirotetramat / T. urticae, B. tabaci and M. persicae; pyflubumide, cyenopyrafen and cyflumetofen (most recently developed acaricides acting on Complex II of the mitochondrial electron transport chain, recently introduced to the market) / T. urticae; abamectin (a neurotoxic insecticide/acaricide of very low toxicity to mammals) / F. occidentalis, T. urticae; spinosad (a low toxicity insecticide of natural origin) / F. occidentalis; pymetrozine/flonicamid / B. tabaci and M. persicae.