Research Paper on differentiation and governance

"This research paper will review the state of the art and elaborate an analytical framework for studying differentiated governance. It will study the interplay between the legal and organizational dimensions of differentiated integration by scrutinizing the following elements for Member State, non-Member States and sub-State entities: - modes of governance, differentiation though hard/soft governance (Community method with ""hard"", strongly legalized policy instruments versus intergovernmental/transgovernmental cooperation and open method of coordination with ""softer"", less legalized and more operational instruments); - sites of governance, differentiation through participation in primary and secondary EU bodies, such as committees, EU agencies, policy networks or programmes (see Lavenex 2015); - levels of governance, differentiation through multi-level (EU, national and sub-national) and network governance; - stages of governance, differentiation through participation in decision-shaping, decision-making,"