Report on fully integrated and intensified value chain concepts for industrial symbiosis

The report will highlight industrial symbiosis where large emissions of CO2-containing gases or waste streams from one sector (such as cement, chemistry or steel) can be used as feedstock for another to improve value chains significantly. Potential industrial symbiotic relationships will be shown and described regarding equipment, carbon feedstock demand and business concepts. Attention will be paid to enable SME’s to increase their knowledge of how symbiotic relationships could function with localised industry and hence increase cost-competitiveness. Issues such as IP, ownership and revenue which will have to be resolved in “over the fence” process streams will be highlighted. The potential role of public private partnerships (could be a model e.g. for PtX as energy storage) will be investigated.