Practical recommendations for fish farms and feed producers on vitamins K and D dietary levels to avoid bone anomalies and pathological effects of Ca metabolism alterations.

ESR8 Fatsoluble vitamins K VK and D VD play essential roles in Ca transport and tissue deposition and hence in bone development mineralization and remodelling Excessive VK and VD dietary levels can lead to bone anomalies there is a large variation in the content of these vitamins in live preys fed to marine fish larvae and their optimum levels during larval stages have not been yet determined for marine fish